b'The Voices of the ResilientJalisa R. DavisSponsor: Dr. Ericka H. ParraIn this presentation, I will demonstrate how the poem El Crimen fue en Granada [The crime was in Granada] written by the Spanish writer Antonio Machado, was used as a mechanism to show the government in Spain, that writers would not be censored during the time of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and fascism (1939). I will discuss the history behind the symbolic poem and how the death of Federico Garca Lorca (1898-1936) left an impact on the countrys history, that will forever be remembered as a gruesome time in Spain. Finally, I will examine the influence this poem had on other Spanish writers, giving them the courage to write against the harrowing dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1939-1975) in Spain.Secularism or Discrimination against IslamLa lacit ou discrimination contre lislam Mamie FlucasSponsor: Dr. Oflia NikolovaEnglish VersionIn 1905, France adopted a law that legally separated church and state. This law dissipated ties with religion and national matters and created a new society in which religious tolerance and respect were integral. However, the secularism in France is unique because the extent to which it is executed is often considered discriminatory. After the adoption of a 2004 law that banned religious symbols including Islamic headscarves, people questioned the infringement upon freedom of religion and expression. Despite the influx of Muslims in France recently, the laws seem more discriminatory than before. The research I will be completing is inspired by several events that occurred at the end of 2020 in France that brought Lacit into question once again. My research aims to explore French laws of Lacit as well as their history and how these laws can be seen as discriminatory and intolerant towards Muslims.French VersionEn 1905, la France a adopt une loi qui spare lglise et ltat. Cette loi a dissip les liens avec la religion et affaires nationales et cr une socit dans laquelle la tolrance religieuse et le respect taient intgrants. Cependant, la lacit en France est unique car son degr dexcution est souvent considr comme discriminatoire. Aprs ladoption dune loi de 2004 interdisant les symboles religieux, y compris le voile islamique, les gens ont remis en question latteintela libert de religion et dexpression. Malgr lafflux de musulmans en France rcemment, les lois semblent plus discriminatoires quauparavant. Les recherches que je vais complter sont inspires de plusieurs vnements survenus fin 2020, en France, qui ont remis en cause la lacit. Ma recherche viseexplorer les lois franaises de la lacit ainsi que leur histoire et comment ces lois peuvent tre considres comme discriminatoires et intolrantes envers les musulmans.41'