The Declaration of Independence
"For the support of this declaration, with firm reliance on the protection of the Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other, our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor."

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On July 4, 1776, the delegates at the Second Continental Congress signed the Declaration of Independence, a document which claimed the right of the colonies to be free from the British Crown.  Thomas Jefferson was chosen to prepare the document; he asserted that the main purpose of government is to protect the rights of "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."   The government can never withhold certain inalienable rights given to all human beings.  Furthermore, only through the consent of the governed does a government receive its power.  Americans may take the ideas in the Declaration of Independence for granted today, but they were radical in the 18th century.  It is vital that we, as Americans, understand the sacrifice made by our Nation's founders in order for us to live freely; through this website students will explore who wrote the Declaration of Independence, how it was written, and why it was necessary. 

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Table of Contents
Georgia Performance Standard
Instructional Websites
Activity One:  Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
Activity Two:  How was the Declaration of Independence written?
Activity Three:  Why was the Declaration of Independence necessary?
Software Reviews
Additional Websites

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Georgia Performance Standard for Grade 4 Social Studies

SS4H4:  The student will explain the causes, events, and results of the American Revolution.

    B.  Explain the writing of the Declaration of Independence; include who wrote it, how it was written, why it was necessary, and how it was necessary as a response to tyranny and the abuse of power.


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Websites

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The Signers Gallery
This website offers alot of interesting facts about the signers.

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Biographies of the Founding Fathers
This web site offers detailed biographies of 111 of the signers of the Declaration.

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The Stylistic Artistry of the Declaration of Independence
This web site provides further insight into the masterfully written text of the Declaration.

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Drafting the Document
This web site describes the process of writing the Declaration.

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The Declaration's Importance
In child-friendly terms, this web site explains why the Declaration was necessary.

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Events Leading to the Declaration
A wonderful web site that offers links for further information on the many events that led to the composition of the Declaration.

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Activities
Activity One:  Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

1Title:  Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? 
     Through this activity, students will explore web sites containing biographical information about the signers
of the Declaration and then choose one to study further.  Students will be asked to depict their chosen signer
and present a three to five minute introduction of the historical figure to the class. 
2. Primary Learning Outcome:Students will be able to identify biographical information about many of the signers of the Declaration of Independence.
3. Sources:  Students will need access to a computer with Internet access and the following web sites:
The Signers Gallery
Biographies of the Founding Fathers
4. Procedures:  The teacher will provide a broad introduction of the Second Continental Congress to the class.  The teacher will then introduce students to the above listed websites, which contain biographical information for each of the signers of the Declaration.  Students will independently navigate through the sites, and choose one signer to study further.  They will then depict their chosen signer and present a three to five minute introduction of the historical figure to the class.
5.  Product:  With the information they obtained from the web sites, students will be able to identify biographical information about many of the signers of the Declaration of Independence.

Activity Two:  How was the Declaration of Independence written?

1Title:  How was the Declaration of Independence written? 
     Through this activity, students will explore web sites containing information regarding the drafting of the Declaration of Independence.  Students will be assigned to groups of four, with one student out of each group assuming the role of Thomas Jefferson and the remaining members assuming the roles of revisers.  Groups will be assigned to develop their own Declaration regarding an issue they feel passionate about. 
2. Primary Learning Outcome:  Students, working in groups of four, will be able to compose and debate a introductory paragraph for an original Declaration regarding an issue of their own choosing. 
3. Sources:  Students will need access to a computer with Internet access and the following web sites:
Drafting the Document
The Stylistic Artistry of the Declaration of Independence
4. Procedures:   The teacher will provide a broad introduction of the process of drafting a persuasive document.  The teacher will then seperate students into groups of four and assign them to develop their own Declaration regarding an issue they feel passionate about.  One of the four students will depict Thomas Jefferson, and will act as the leader.  The remaining students will act as revisers and provide active input and debate.  The groups will be required to write an introductory paragraph regarding an issue they feel passionate about and share it with the class.  The class will then participate in a debate regarding the proposed Declaration.
5.  Product:  With the information students obtain from the web sites, they will have a more complete understanding about the drafting of the Declaration of Independence.  Through the activity, students will create and justify their own Declarations. 


Activity Three:  Why was the Declaration of Independence necessary?

1Title:  Why was the Declaration of Independence necessary?
     Through this activity, students will explore web sites containing information regarding the events leading to the Declaration of Independence.  Students will choose one event to study further and write a one-page paper about the event's impact upon the colonists.
2. Primary Learning Outcome:  Students will be able to identify the events that led to the Declaration of Independence.
3. Source:  Students will need access to a computer with Internet access and the following web sites:
Events Leading to the Declaration
The Declaration's Importance
4. ProceduresThe teacher will provide a broad introduction of the events leading to the Declaraton to the class.  The teacher will then introduce students to the above listed web sites and assign them to choose one event to study further.  The student will then write a one-page paper about the event that they chose and the impact it had on the colonists.
5.  Product:  With the information students obtain from the web sites, they will have a more thorough knowledge of the events leading to the Declaration of Independence and also their impact on the colonists.

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Software Reviews

word
Software Program:  Microsoft Word                               
Published by:  Microsoft Corporation
Possible Use Regarding the Above Activities:  Microsoft Word would be an excellent software choice for students to use when composing their papers for the above activities. 
Evaluation of the software:  Although Microsoft Word is an outstanding typing program, fourth-grade students may run into difficulty with the spacing, tab, and other specific settings that require the default to be altered.

paint
Software Program:  Microsoft Paint
Published by:  Microsoft Corporation
Possible Use Regarding the Above Activities:  Students, using Microsoft Paint, may draw a seal to affix to the Declaration that they will compose in Activity Two.
Evaluation of the software:  Microsoft Paint is very easy to use, even for younger children.  The only problem that I can see occurring would be in the modification of the printing options.


jump
Software Program:  Jumpstart Advanced 4th Grade
Published by:  Vivendi Universal Games
Possible Use Regarding the Above Activities:  Jumpstart Advanced features games involving History and Social Studies that could be used as extension activites for the above listed activites.
Evaluation of the software:  It may be difficult to keep the students on track and working only with the Social Studies aspects of the software when there are so many other fun games to explore.


encyc
Software Program:  Encyclopedia Britannica 2006 Ready Reference
Published by:  Encyclopedia Britannica
Possible Use Regarding the Above Activities:  Students could use this electronic encyclopedia to further their research for the above listed activites.
Evaluation of the software:  Students may find the content of the articles difficult to fully understand.


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Software Program:  Encyclopedia of History
Published by:  DK Interactive
Possible Use Regarding the Above Activities:  Students may use the Encyclopedia of History sofware to further their understanding of the Declaration of Independence , it's signers, and the events leading to it.
Evaluation of the software:   The only problem that I can see with using this software would be the demand on system requirements; I  do not anticipate student trouble with the software.

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Additional Websites

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What's on the back of the Declaration of Independence?

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Declaration Facts

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Sign the Declaration of Independence

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Read the Declaration for Yourself

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