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Review Sheet for Lecture Exam #1
Biology 1010 -- Bergstrom
Concepts to Understand
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properties of life (general & specific) Monophyly, Paraphyly, Polyphyly
scientific method Ontogeny vs. Phylogeny
philosophy of science; induction, deduction properties of H2O
unifying principles of biology colloids, solutions, suspensions
classification systems; K-P-C-O-F-G-S atomic structure, electron energy
dichotomous keys & phylogenetic trees electronegativity levels
history of Darwin's thinking chemical bonds (3 types)
theory of natural selection (4 key points) acids, bases, salts, pH, buffers
6 categories of Darwin's Evidence condensation & hydrolysis reactions
Differential Reproduction (Natural polymerization & digestion
Selection); Fitness, Adaptation structure of organic macromolecules
Life-history Components of Fitness 7 functional groups
Sexual Selection 4 levels of protein structure
Biogeography (Alfred Russell Wallace)
Common Ancestry; Shared Derived
Character; Clades;
Biological Species Concept
Homology vs. Analogy
Molecular Clock
Cladistics vs. Phenetics
Specific Terms
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homeostasis atom, element, molecule
metabolism subatomic particle, Periodic Table
adaptation electron, proton, neutron
null hypothesis orbital, energy level
independent/dependent variable ionization
control, replicates polar/nonpolar covalent bonds
empiricism, deductive reasoning hydrophilic, hydrophobic
Galapagos Islands specific heat, vaporization, fusion
Essentialism cohesion: surf. tension, capill. action
binomial nomenclature ice lattice, vertical mixing (lakes)
homologous/analogous structures spheres of hydration
morphology, ontogeny, phylogeny sol, gel, colloid; solution, suspension
Aristotle, Linnaeus, Lyell, Malthus phospholipids
Anaximander, Buffon, Lamarck, Hutton protein, carbohydrate, lipid,
Gradualism nucleic acid, ATP
Creationism amino acid
Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics nucleotide
Sedimentation, Uniformitarianism pentose, mono/di/poly-saccharide
Convergent Evolution, Ecological Equiv. glycerol, fatty acid
peptide & disulfide bonds
(Click Here for a printable-page Review Sheet 2). REVIEW SHEET FOR SECOND LECTURE EXAM BIOL 1010 -- BERGSTROM Concepts to Understand 1. Structure and function of Eukaryotic Cell and Organelles 2. Differences between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells 3. Mitosis and the Cell Cycle (CLICK HERE for definitions of terms) 4. Meiosis, recombination, and sexual reproduction: - know by definition and diagram all phases; functional differences between Meiosis I and Meiosis II and between Mitosis and Meiosis - plant vs. animal life cycles 5. Mendelian genetics and chromosomes: Punnett square problems, expected F2 progeny phenotype ratios, #gamete types, segregation, independent assortment, problems up to tri-hybrid crosses Terms: Phospholipid Bilayer Mitochondrion, ER (rough, smooth), Hydrophilic, hydrophobic Golgi, Lysosome, Vacuole/Vesicle, Plasma membrane, Nucleus, other Ribosomes, Cytoskeleton, Microtubules, Cytomembrane System organelles Microfilaments, Centrioles, Cilia, Exocytosis, Endocytosis Flagella, Plastids (2 types), Cell autotroph, heterotroph Wall (2 parts), Plasmodesmata, Middle sol, gel, colloid; solution, Lamella, Cellulose, Lignin, Pectin, suspension Actin, Tubulin, Flagellin DNA, nucleoproteins, chromosome DNA polymerase, replication gene, allele, locus homologues, synapse, centromere chromatid (sister, nonsister) crossing over, recombination chromatin, nucleoli gamete, zygote, syngamy interphase (G1, S, G2), prophase, oogonium, ovum, oocyte, polar body metaphase, anaphase, telophase spermatogonium, spermatocyte, mitosis, karyokinesis, cell cycle chiasmata spermatid meiosis, gametogenesis (spermato-/oo-) alternation of generations cytokinesis, cell furrow, cell plate sporophyte, gametophyte microfilaments, vesicles autosome, sex chromosome microtubular spindle, centrioles "Reduction Division" haploid, diploid, polyploid particulate v. blending inheritance growth & differentiation test cross, dominant/recessive homozygote, heterozygote; incomplete domin.