M/C
1. Members of Kingdom Plantae are:
a. Photosynthetic
b. Eukaryotic
c. Multicellular
d. a and c
e. All of these
2. With respect to plant reproduction, there has been an evolutionary trend toward...
a. increased pollen production
b. smaller flowers
c. larger fruits
d. sporophyte dominance
e. greater seed production
3. A diploid plant is a(n) __________.
a. egg
b. sperm
c. spore
d. gametophyte
e. sporophyte
4. The gametophyte produces __________ by __________.
a. spores; mitosis
b. gametes; mitosis
c. spores; meiosis
d. gametophytes; mitosis
e. sporophytes; meiosis
5. The first cell after fertilization is the:
a. Spore
b. Sporophyte
c. Embryo
d. Seed
e. Zygote
6. Spores develop into __________.
a. Haploid gametophytes
b. Diploid gametophytes
c. Haploid sporophytes
d. Haploid gametes
e. Diploid sporophytes
7. Where do spores come from?
a. gametes
b. gametophytes
c. sporophytes
d. zygotes
e. other spores
F/B
MATCHING
a. Sporophyte
b. Gametophyte
c. Zygote
d. Spore
e. Gamete
8. A fertilized egg
9. Diploid, multicellular
10. Haploid, multicellular
11. Plants make this by meiosis
12. Haploid, single cell, the product of mitosis
13. Diploid, single cell
14. Dominant generation of Bryophytes
15. Dominant generation of vascular plants
M/C
16. Which evidence supports the concept of green algae as ancestral to the Plant
Kingdom?
a. DNA studies
b. Similar kinds of chlorophyll in both groups
c. Similar kinds of cell wall chemicals in both groups
d. Similar kinds of reserve food in both groups
e. All of these are correct
F/B
MATCHING
a. Seedless vascular plant
b. Gymnosperm
c. Angiosperm
d. Bryophyte
e. None of these
17. Cycads
18. Horse tails (scouring rush)
19. Tulip
20. Moss
21. Green algae
M/C
22. Green algae are assumed to be ancestors of plants because
a. the fossil ancestors have been discovered
b. green algae make chitin and laminarin
c. green algae make cellulose and starch
d. green algae are almost exclusively marine
e. lignin is known to occur in some green algae
23. You examine a 1 inch tall plant you collect in the woods. This plant was part of a
several square feet mass of similar small plants. It is very flexible and does not easily
stand upright by itself. Upon examining the tiny flat leaf-like structures of this plant
you see no veins. There is no evidence of seeds, but at the end of a little stalk on the
end of the plant there is some sort of spore bearing structure. To which of these groups
does this plant likely belong?
a. angiosperm
b. gymnosperm
c. fern
d. algae
e. bryophyte
24. Land plants are believed to have evolved from __________.
a. green algae
b. fungi
c. lichens
d. bacteria
e. Euglena
25. Terrestrial plants are believed to have evolved from:
a. Bryophytes
b. Green algae
c. Red algae
d. Brown algae
e. Blue-green bacteria
26. Which of the following does not support the theory that terrestrial plants have an
algal ancestor?
a. The same type of chlorophyll is present in both
b. Both have starch energy storage molecules
c. Both have the same accessory pigments
d. Vascular tissues are found in both groups
e. Both are autotrophic
27. The common name for members of Division Chlorophyta is:
a. Green algae
b. Flowering plants
c. Brown algae
d. Red algae
e. Green plants
28. Which of the following is NOT good evidence that land plants arose from green
algae?
a. both photosynthesize
b. both use the same kind of chlorophyll
c. green algae live in fresh water environments
d. both contain similar accessory pigments
e. green algae live in many temporary habitats
29. Which of the following is true for most members of Division Chlorphyta?
a. Produce free swimming gametes.
b. Some have life cycles dominated by haploid forms.
c. Unicellular, colonial, or multicellular species are all in this division.
d. a and b.
e. All of the above.
30. Which of these are reasons why biologists believe some type of ancestral green
algae may have evolved into the first terrestrial plants?
a. They are all adapted to highly variable environments (can withstand
extremes of temperature and moisture) and are adapted to use freshwater.
b. They have the same types of photosynthetic pigments.
c. Plants from both groups have complex structure like roots and leaves.
d. a and b.
e. All of the above.
31. When walking in a forest you find a plant with what appear to be unfertilized seeds
on little scales exposed to the air. Yellow dust-like particles are on the surface of the
unfertilized seeds. To what group does this plant belong?
a. angiosperms
b. gymnosperms
c. bryophytes
d. seedless vascular plants
e. algae
32. When walking in a tropical forest you come upon a 6 meter tall plant that shows no
evidence of seed production. In which of these groups does the plant most likely belong?
a. gymnosperms
b. angiosperms
c. bryophytes
d. ferns
e. algae
33. A fossil plant is found that appears to have several seeds all completely enclosed
in a single outer covering. This plant probably belongs to what group?
a. gymnosperms
b. angiosperms
c. bryophytes
d. ferns
e. algae
34. What is/are advantages to producing broad leaves compared to narrow needle-like
leaves?
a. increased water loss
b. increases gas exchange
c. increases surface area for light capture
d. both a and b
e. a, b, and c
35. Which of the following weather conditions would you expect to have the greatest
NEGATIVE IMPACT on sexual reproduction of ferns and mosses?
a. excessively wet and raining conditions
b. above average temperatures for several days
c. excessively dry period for several days
d. moderate temperatures and rainfall
e. the shade of a forest
36. Which of the following weather conditions would you expect to have the greatest
POSITIVE IMPACT on sexual reproduction of ferns and mosses?
a. excessively wet and raining conditions
b. above average temperature for several days
c. excessively dry period for several days
d. below average temperatures for a few days
e. the shade of a forest
Essay
37. In some areas of the world where there are large numbers of pines, in the spring
everything is covered with a yellow dust that turns out upon examination to be pine pollen.
Why must conifers produce so much pollen and why do we not see as much pollen produced by a
field of flowers?
38. In addition to aiding in seed dispersal, what are other possible functions of
fruits that give advantages to plants that make fruits as compared to seed plants that do
not make fruits?
M/C
39. Which evolutionary plant innovation eliminated the need for sperm to swim through
water in order to fertilize an egg, resulting in plants being truly adapted for
reproduction on land?
a. rhizoids
b. fruit
c. roots
d. independent gametophyte
e. pollen
40. If you were hiking and wanted to show off your understanding of the differences
between gymnosperms and angiosperms, what characteristics could you see with your naked eye
that would help you impress your friends?
a. flowers or cones
b. presence or lack of vascular tissues
c. presence or lack of seeds
d. presence or lack of tree sized stems
e. size of the male gametophyte
41. Leaves are covered on the outside with this to reduce water loss.
a. cuticle
b. stomata
c. petiole
d. endosperm
e. root hairs
42. Vessel tubes are rigid because they include this chemical in their cell walls:
a. DNA
b. lignin
c. ribose
d. nitrogen
e. starch
43. Bryophytes
a. lack eggs and sperm
b. lack vascular tissue
c. lack seeds
d. lack gametes
e. two of these are correct
44. Gymnosperms
a. lack flowers
b. lack seeds
c. lack eggs and sperm
d. lack leaves
e. two of these are correct
45. Ferns
a. lack vascular tissue
b. have an alternation of sporophyte and gametophyte generations
c. lack eggs and sperm
d. make seeds
e. two of these are correct
Essay
46. Describe the adaptations plants underwent in the transition from water to land.
M/C
47. When making the move from water to land, plants made modifications in all of the
following except...
a. cell wall composition
b. conducting tissues
c. cell surface coverings
d. mode of reproduction
e. method of gas exchange
48. Pollen and seeds evolves in response to...
a. an increase in pollinators
b. flower evolution
c. moist environments
d. seed predators
e. dry land environments
49. In flowering plants, what is the relationship of the sporophyte generation to the
gametophyte generation?
a. Sporophyte is dominant, but begins development attached to gametophyte
b. Gametophyte is dominant, and sporophyte is retained on gametophyte
c. Sporophyte is dominant, and gametophyte is microscopic
d. Members of this division do not produce sporophytes
e. Members of this division do not produce gametophytes
50. An oak tree is a __________.
a. gametophyte
b. zygote
c. sporophyte
d. spore
e. all of these
51. The evolutionary trend from the ancestral algae to the more recently evolved seed
plants shows:
a. Decreased size of the gametophyte
b. Increased prominence of the sporophyte generation
c. Decreased duration of the gametophyte generation
d. a and b
e. All of the above
52. Which of these is an advantage to a plant that moved onto land?
a. increased CO2 availability
b. dry environment
c. less support
d. increased heat
e. decreased water availability
53. Which was not an advantage of the terrestrial environment to the first plants?
a. Carbon dioxide concentration was higher in air than water.
b. Minerals and other nutrients were more abundant in the soil than in water.
c. More energy for photosynthesis was available.
d. There were more pollinators on land.
e. All of these were benefits.
54. Which group of land plants is most restricted to moist environments?
a. Vascular plants
b. Tracheophytes
c. Bryophytes
d. Anthophyta
e. Angiosperms
Essay
55. Explain how bryophytes are an intermediate between aquatic and terrestrial plants.
M/C
56. Bryophytes:
a. Are mosses and liverworts
b. Lack true roots and leaves
c. Have poorly developed conducting tissues
d. a and b
e. All of the above
57. Bryophytes have simple structures, called __________, that anchor the plant and
absorb water.
a. Roots
b. Mycorrhizae
c. Rhizomes
d. Tracheophytes
e. Rhizoids
58. Archegonia and antheridia are:
a. Water conducting tissues found in Bryophytes
b. Reproductive structures found in Bryophytes
c. Reproductive structures found in flowering plants
d. Spores produced by flowering plants
e. Vascular tissues in ferns
59. Archegonia are __________.
a. floatation bladders
b. reproductive structures
c. conducting tissues
d. flowers
e. root symbionts
60. Which of the following are important reproductive adaptations that allow plants to
inhabit terrestrial environments?
a. Leaves and stems
b. Seeds and pollen
c. Roots and leaves
d. Gametophytes and sporophytes
e. Flowers and leaves
61. How do seeds improve the chances of survival of a young plant?
a. Seeds attract pollinators.
b. Seed coats prevent desiccation.
c. Seeds retain food reserve for embryo.
d. a and b.
e. a, b, and c.
62. What is the benefit of having a tall stem?
a. ease of water movement
b. more nutrients available
c. greater support
d. easier reproduction
e. less competition for light
63. Which of the following types of plants produce seeds?
a. Horsetails
b. Ferns
c. Ginkgo
d. Pines
e. c and d
64. Which of the following groups of plants was the first to produce seeds?
a. Angiosperms
b. Bryophytes
c. Gymnosperms
d. Lycophytes
e. Chlorophytes
65. Which of the following are Gymnosperms?
a. Cycads, ginkgoes, and ferns
b. Cycads, conifers, and ferns
c. Ginkgoes, conifers, and horsetails
d. Conifers, ginkgoes, and ferns
e. Cycads, ginkgoes, and conifers
66. Which division has been reduced to one remaining species?
a. conifers
b. cycads
c. ginkgos
d. bryophytes
e. liverworts
67. What group dominated the Carboniferous period and is now burned as coal?
a. angiosperms
b. conifers
c. cycads
d. seedless vascular plants
e. algae
68. Which of the following is NOT an adaptation of conifers to cold, dry habitats?
a. production of "anti-freeze" resin
b. year-round photosynthesis
c. reduced leaf size
d. thick cuticle
e. copious pollen production
69. Pines are primarily __________ pollinated.
a. bee
b. wind
c. moth
d. water
e. beetle
70. What is one major difference between ferns and the other seedless vascular plants?
a. reproductive cycle
b. dominant stage of life
c. leaf shape
d. flower structure
e. vascular system
71. Which group does not depend on water for reproduction?
a. ferns
b. byophytes
c. algae
d. club mosses
e. flowering plants
72. Which group of plants has the greatest diversity (i.e., the most species) living
today?
a. Chlorophytes
b. Bryophytes
c. Gymnosperms
d. Angiosperms
e. Ferns
73. What is the main function of flower petals?
a. produce gametes
b. photosynthesize
c. provide support
d. attract pollinators
e. discourage herbivores
74. All of the following contributed substantially to the success of angiosperms
except:
a. pollinators
b. broad leaves
c. vascular system
d. flowers
e. fruits
75. What single feature is probably most responsible for the success of angiosperms?
a. Seeds
b. Fruit
c. Broad leaves
d. Flowers
e. Tap roots
76. In angiosperms, the male gametophyte is ___________.
a. pollen
b. the anther
c. a flower
d. sperm
e. a seed
Essay
77. Explain the evolutionary relevance of the seed.
M/C
78. A fruit is:
a. a seed
b. a mature ovary
c. a mature ovule
d. the female gametophyte
e. a plant embryo
79. Fruit production requires precious resources; what important benefit do they
confer?
a. feed the embryo
b. keep the seed moist
c. means of dispersal of seeds
d. attract seed eater
e. prevent herbivory
80. What is/are the disadvantages to production of broad leaves?
a. increased water loss
b. increases gas exchange
c. increased surface area for light capture
d. a and b
e. a and c
F/B
MATCHING
a. Angiosperm
b. Gymnosperm
c. Fern
d. Bryophyte
e. Two of the above
81. Need free standing water for fertilization to occur.
82. No vascular tissue
83. Male gametophyte is pollen
84. Male and female cones
85. Non-flowering seed plants
86. An apple tree
87. Monocots and Dicots
88. Cycads and Conifers
M/C
89. Most gymnosperms are pollinated by:
a. insects
b. birds
c. small mammals
d. wind
e. their own eggs
90. The anti cancer drug Taxol is extracted from which type of plant?
a. bryophyte
b. fern
c. seed
d. horse tail
e. more than one of these is correct
(c) 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
M/C
1. e
2. d
3. e
4. b
5. e
6. a
7. c
F/B
8. c
9. a
10. b
11. d
12. e
13. c
14. b
15. a
M/C
16. e
F/B
17. b
18. a
19. c
20. d
21. e
M/C
22. c
23. e
24. a
25. b
26. d
27. a
28. a
29. e
30. d
31. b
32. d
33. b
34. d
35. c
36. a
Essay
37. Pines are wind pollinated and must produce large excesses of pollen. Field flowers
are insect pollinated and therefore don't have to produce so much pollen.
38. Fruits provide an extra layer of protection to the seeds. Also it is logical to
hypothesize that fleshy fruits provide nourishment to their seeds, although most
experiments do not support this hypothesis.
M/C
39. e
40. a
41. a
42. b
43. e
44. a
45. b
Essay
46. No answer in TestBank
M/C
47. a
48. e
49. c
50. c
51. e
52. a
53. d
54. c
Essay
55. No answer in TestBank
M/C
56. e
57. e
58. b
59. b
60. b
61. e
62. e
63. e
64. c
65. e
66. c
67. d
68. e
69. b
70. c
71. e
72. d
73. d
74. c
75. d
76. a
Essay
77. No answer in TestBank
M/C
78. b
79. c
80. a
F/B
81. e
82. d
83. e
84. b
85. b
86. a
87. a
88. b
M/C
89. d
90. c