Chapter 19 (Tobin & Dushek) 18 (Audesirk)
M/C
1. The evidence that the HIV virus originated from non-human primates comes from:
a. historical studies of primitive African societies
b. comparing DNA base sequences among different viruses
c. medical histories of humans
d. medical histories of primates in captivity
e. comparative morphology of primate and human viruses
2. The most powerful way of inferring evolutionary relationships uses which type of
evidence?
a. comparative morphology
b. chemical similarities
c. measure the ability to mate and produce fertile offspring
d. comparative anatomy
e. compare DNA base sequences
F/B
3. List the following taxonomic categories from the most specific to the most general:
a) genus
b) domain
c) family
d) phylum
e) order
1. Of those listed, the most specific category
2. The next category after 1.
3. The next category after 2.
4. The next category after 3.
5. Of those listed, the most general category.
M/C 4. In the correct spelling of a scientific name, the first of the two names has
its first letter in ________ case and the entire name is ________.
a. lower, in italic or underlined
b. lower, not in italic nor underlined
c. upper, in italic or underlined
d. upper, not in italic nor underlined
e. none of these is correct
5. The second of the two names in an organism's scientific name is the _______.
a. species
b. genus
c. genera
d. order
e. family
F/B
MATCHING
a. species
b. family
c. genus
d. kingdom
e. phylum
6. The group "Chordata" to which humans belong.
7. The second of the two names in an organism's scientific name.
8. Fungi
MATCHING
a. Archaea
b. Fungi
c. Anamalia
d. Plantae
e. More than one of these
9. Prokaryotic
10. Eukaryotic
11. Cell walls made of chitin
12. Cell walls made of cellulose
M/C
13. The main reason scientists use Latinized scientific names is:
a. Tradition; it has always been done that way
b. Latin is a dead language
c. Scientific publications are usually in Latin
d. Worldwide recognition across language barriers
e. To make life difficult for students in freshman biology classes
14. The science of placing organisms into categories based on evolutionary similarities is:
a. Taxidermy
b. Gradualism
c. Preadaptation
d. Taxonomy
e. Biology
15. The largest or most inclusive group listed below is:
a. Class
b. Order
c. Phylum
d. Genus
e. Family
16. The smallest or least inclusive group of the following is:
a. Kingdom
b. Class
c. Genus
d. Order
e. Species
17. Which of the following is the correct way to write the scientific name of the wolf?
a. Canis Lupus
b. canis lupus
c. canis Lupus
d. Canis lupus
e. Canis lupus
18. Canis latrans, Canis lupus, Canis familiaris are all in the same:
a. Species
b. Genus
c. Family
d. b and c
e. a, b, and c
19. Historically, most classification has been based on ________ similarity.
a. DNA
b. cytochrome c
c. enzyme
d. behavioral
e. morphological
20. How did Darwin's evolutionary theory change the significance of the taxonomic
categories of organisms?
a. Darwin's theory of natural selection has had no affect on taxonomy.
b. Taxonomic categories are now considered to reflect the evolutionary
relationships of organisms.
c. Darwin described the Kingdoms that we use today which include all organisms.
d. The relationships between organisms became completely known and many species
were renamed.
e. Taxonomists no longer consider anatomical similarity in classifying organisms.
21. What should taxonomists do when two similar organisms (they only vary in color, or in
some other unimportant way) originally thought to be separate species are found to
interbreed freely and produce normal offspring whenever they occur in the same hab itat?
a. Retain the two species' names if the organisms have very different appearances.
b. Consider both types to be a single species.
c. Develop a new name for the hybrids.
d. There are no rules for this situation; it depends on the species being
considered.
e. Separate the two groups until they become dissimilar enough to prevent
interbreeding.
22. If two organisms are members of the same kingdom they must also be members of the same:
a. Phylum
b. Class
c. Genus
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
23. What is the difference between the taxonomic categories of Division and Phylum?
a. Division is a more inclusive category.
b. Phylum is a more inclusive category.
c. Division refers to plants; Phylum refers to animals.
d. Division is the newer term which replaces Phylum.
e. Division is the same as Kingdom: Phylum is more exclusive than division.
24. In the scientific name of humans, Homo sapiens, the name "Homo" is the:
a. specie
b. species
c. genus
d. genera
e. family
25. Which of these groups is the least specific category, i.e. contains the fewest species?
a. kingdom
b. class
c. phylum
d. order
e. division
26. According to chemical and molecular evidence, the Kingdom fungi are most closely
related to which of these groups in the "tree of life"?
a. animals
b. plants
c. archaea
d. protista
e. bacteria
F/B
MATCHING:
a. the science of reconstructing evolutionary history
b. a single work that means "evolutionary history"
c. the science of naming organisms and placing them in categories
d. a scientist who studies fossils
e. none of these is correct
27. phylogeny
28. systematics
29. taxonomy
30. eukarya
MATCHING
a. Aristotle
b. Teresa Audesirk
c. Carlolus Linnaeus
d. Robert H. Whittaker
e. Carol Woese
31. The scientist who established the current genus/species double name system for
organisms.
32. The scientist who proposed the 5 kingdom system of classification to replace the 2
kingdom system.
33. This scientist proposed creating two domains from what had been known as the Monera
Kingdom.
M/C
34. A major difficulty facing systematists is:
a. The ability to sequence DNA.
b. Placing specimens into the predefined taxonomic categories of species and genus.
c. Understanding the sequence of cell divisions in early embryology of plants and
animals.
d. Distinguishing anatomy from physiology in plant evolution.
e. Distinguishing similar features due to common ancestry from those due to
convergent evolution.
35. Which Kingdom contains mostly unicellular eukaryotic organisms?
a. Monera
b. Protista
c. Animalia
d. Fungi
e. Plantae
36. What is the primary difference between kingdoms Monera and Protista?
a. Monera are unicellular, protists are multicellular.
b. Monera photosynthesize, protists do not.
c. Monera are prokaryotes, protists are eukaryotes.
d. Monera are plant-like, protists are animal-like.
e. Monera are more recently evolved than protists.
37. Which Kingdom contains heterotrophic, multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that absorb
their food after extracellular digestion?
a. Monera
b. Fungi
c. Protista
d. Plantae
e. Animalia
F/B
Matching
a. Plantae
b. Fungi
c. Anamilia
d. a and b
e. a, b, and c
38. Cellulose cell wall
39. Lack cell wall
40. Chloroplasts
41. Sexual reproduction
42. Chitin cell wall
43. Multicellular
M/C
44. A modern system of classification gives the category name "Domain" to which of these?
a. Prokaryota
b. Eukarya
c. Insects
d. Homonidae
e. Fungi
45. DNA that is not mixed as the result of sexual reproduction, that is inherited unchanged
directly from the mother from the cytoplasm of the egg, can be useful in evolutionary
studies. This DNA comes from:
a. mitochondria
b. egg nucleus
c. sperm nucleus
d. bacteria
e. viruses
46. The "phylogenetic species concept" that defines a species as "the smallest diagnosable
group that contains all the descendants of a single common ancestor" is valid for
a. sexual reproducing species
b. asexual reproducing species
c. species that do not reproduce
d. both a and b are correct
e. a, b, and c are correct
47. More than 50% of the world's species of eukaryots are believed to inhabit which of
these environments?
a. ocean
b. fresh water
c. temperate deciduous forest
d. temperate rain forest
e. tropical rain forest
48. Your text does not consider reptiles to be a monophyletic group because:
a. They evolved independently at several different times in the past and from
several different ancestral species.
b. Birds are the direct descendants of some reptiles.
c. Reptiles do not need free water to reproduce.
d. The ancestors of reptiles are the class amphibia.
e. Reptiles, birds, amphibians, and fish all first appeared in the fossil record at
approximately the same time.
49. How many species are believed to exist on Earth at the present time?
a. 7,000 to 10,000
b. approx. 100,000
c. approx. 500,000
d. between 5 million and 30 million
e. approx. 1 million
M/C
1. b
2. e
F/B
3. a, c, e, d, b
M/C
4. c
5. a
F/B
6. e
7. a
8. d
9. a
10. e
11. b
12. d
M/C
13. d
14. d
15. c
16. e
17. d
18. d
19. e
20. b
21. b
22. e
23. c
24. c
25. d
26. a
F/B
27. b
28. a
29. c
30. e
31. c
32. d
33. e
M/C
34. e
35. b
36. c
37. b
F/B
38. a
39. c
40. a
41. e
42. b
43. e
M/C
44. b
45. a
46. d
47. e
48. b
49. d