Chapters 8 and 9 (part) in Tobin & Duschek; Chapter 11 in Audesirk
M/C
1. The genetic material in bacteria consists of:
a. Several circular DNA molecules
b. One circular RNA molecule
c. Many rod-like DNA molecules with protein
d. One circular DNA molecule
e. DNA in mitochondria
2. A bacterial cell splits into 2 new cells by:
a. Duplication
b. Forming a cell plate
c. Forming a cell furrow
d. Mitosis
e. Fission
3. The daughter cells of binary fission are:
a. Structurally identical
b. Chromosomally different
c. Genetically identical
d. Structurally identical and genetically identical
e. Not genetically the same as the parent cell
4. Which of the following organisms does not reproduce cells by mitosis and cytokinesis?
a. cow
b. bacterium
c. mushroom
d. cockroach
e. banana tree
F/B
5. How are binary fission and mitosis both examples of asexual reproduction?
6. The production of cells that are genetically similar to the parents occurs through the process of _____________________.
7. Offspring that are genetically identical to their parents are referred to as _____________.
8. Eggs and sperms cells are examples of _____________ produced via the process of meiotic cell division.
9. The pea has a haploid number of 7 chromosomes, the diploid number would be _________.
10. What does the term diploid mean?
M/C
11. The molecules that make up a chromosome are
a. DNA and RNA.
b. DNA and proteins.
c. proteins and lipids.
d. nucleotides and nucleosides.
e. proteins and phospholipids.
12. Diploid cells of the fruit fly Drosophila have 10 chromosomes. How many chromosomes does a Drosophila gamete have?
a. one
b. two
c. five
d. ten
e. twenty
13. Human body cell nuclei contain:
a. 46 pairs of chromosomes
b. 44 pairs of chromosomes
c. 23 unpaired chromosomes
d. 22 pairs of chromosomes
e. 23 pairs of chromosomes
14. A eukaryotic chromosome is made up of:
a. DNA only
b. Protein and nucleic acid
c. Centromeres and centrioles
d. Loops of naked DNA
e. DNA and RNA only
15. During the "S" portion of interphase, what is the cell doing?
a. resting
b. general cell metabolism
c. synthesizing DNA
d. making a spindle
e. undergoing differentiation
16. When does chromosome replication occur in a eukaryotic cell?
a. Prophase
b. Metaphase
c. Anaphase
d. Interphase
e. Telophase
17. The longest period of a cell's life cycle is:
a. Prophase
b. Telophase
c. Interphase
d. Anaphase
e. Metaphase
18. Which of the following does not take place during the G1 or G2 phases of the cell cycle?
a. Synthesis of ATP
b. Growth of the cell
c. Cellular respiration
d. Enzyme activity
e. Replication of DNA
F/B
19. Describe the main stages of the eukaryotic cell cycle.
20. When a DNA molecule doubles during the S phase of the cell cycle, a chromosome is then comprised of two joined ________________.
M/C
21. The cells of the intestinal epithelium are continually dividing, replacing dead cells lost from the surface of the intestinal lining. If you examined a population of intestinal epithelial cells under the microscope, most of the cells would:
a. be in meiosis.
b. be in mitosis.
c. be in interphase.
d. have condensed chromosomes.
e. b and d.
22. Cell reproduction in prokaryotic cells differs from eukaryotic cells in that:
a. Prokaryotic cells reproduce asexually but eukaryotic cells do not.
b. Each prokaryotic cell has a circular chromosome but the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells are linear.
c. Prokaryotic cells lack nuclei and do not replicate their DNA before dividing but eukaryotic cells have nuclei and replicate their DNA before dividing.
d. Prokaryotic chromosomes have DNA and protein but eukaryotic chromosomes are made of only DNA.
e. They do not differ significantly in any way.
23. Which of these sequences correctly describes the cell cycle?
a.
b.
® S ® G2 ® prophase ® metaphase ® anaphase ® telophase ® G1 ®c.
® G1 ® S ® G2 prophase ® anaphase ® metaphase ® telophase ®d.
® prophase ® metaphase ® telophase ® anaphase ® G1 ® S ® G2 ®e.
® G1 ® S ® G2 ® metaphase ® prophase ® anaphase ® telophase ®24. A cell is cleaved into 2 approximately equal halves, each with about the same amount of cytoplasm, during:
a. G2 phase
b. cytophase
c. cytokinesis
d. spindle apparatus formation
e. interphase
F/B
Using the following phases of the cell cycle as answers, pick the single most correct choice for each of the following statements.
a. Interphase S
b. Interphase G1
c. Interphase G2
d. Cytokinesis
e. All of the above
25. Spindle proteins are made.
26. DNA synthesis occurs.
27. General cell metabolism occurs.
M/C
28. If there are 12 chromosomes in an animal cell in the G1 stage of the cell cycle, what is the diploid number of chromosomes for this organism?
a. 6
b. 12
c. 24
d. 36
e. 48
29. During mitotic anaphase, chromatids migrate
a. from the poles of the cell toward the metaphase plate.
b. from the metaphase plate toward the poles.
c. toward the nuclear envelope.
d. along with their sister chromatids toward one pole.
e. along with the other member of the homologous pair toward the metaphase plate.
30. The microtubules of the mitotic spindle attach to a specialized structure in the centromere region of each chromosome, called the
a. kinetochore.
b. nucleosomes.
c. equatorial plate.
d. nucleotide.
e. centrosome.
31. How do daughter cells at the end of mitosis and cytokinesis compare with their parent cell when its was in G1 of the cell cycle?
a. The daughter cells have half the amount of cytoplasm and half the amount of DNA.
b. The daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA.
c. The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA.
d. The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and the same amount of DNA.
e. The daughter cells may have new combinations of genes due to crossing over.
32. The formation of a cell plate is beginning across the middle of a cell and nuclei are reforming at opposite ends of a cell. What kind of a cell is this?
a. an animal cell in metaphase
b. an animal cell in telophase
c. an animal cell undergoing cytokinesis
d. a plant cell in metaphase
e. a plant cell undergoing cytokinesis
T/F
33. If a liver cell of an animal has 24 chromosomes, then the sperm cells of this animal would also have 24 chromosomes.
M/C
34. Cell division usually occurs as two events, namely:
a. Interphase and mitosis
b. Mitosis and cytokinesis
c. Nuclear division and chromosomal division
d. Interphase and cytoplasmic division
e. Interphase and cytokinesis
35. Cytokinesis refers to the division of the:
a. Cytoplasm
b. Nucleus
c. Mitochondria
d. Centrioles
e. Chromosomes
36. Cells that result from mitosis have identical:
a. Kinds of proteins
b. Numbers of proteins
c. Genetic information
d. Kinds and numbers of proteins
e. Numbers of mitochondria
37. Sister chromatids are:
a. Duplicate chromosomes held together by a common centromere
b. Specialized gamete-forming cells
c. Non-functional chromosomes
d. Homologous pairs of chromosomes
e. Different in their genetic content
38. Mitosis in humans usually results in the formation of:
a. 2 diploid cells
b. 4 diploid cells
c. 2 haploid cells
d. 4 haploid cells
e. Sperm or egg cells
39. During which stage of mitosis do chromosomes line up at the equator of the spindle apparatus?
a. Prophase
b. Metaphase
c. Anaphase
d. Telophase
e. The chromosomes do not line up at all
40. Which of the following does not occur during prophase?
a. The nuclear membrane disintegrates
b. Nucleoli break up
c. The spindle apparatus forms
d. The chromosomes condense
e. DNA replicates
41. Microtubules become attached to each chromatid at its:
a. Centriole
b. Centromere
c. Aster
d. Kinetochore
e. Distal end
42. During which stage of mitosis do sister chromatids move away from each other?
a. Prophase
b. Metaphase
c. Anaphase
d. Telophase
e. They do not move away from each other at all
43. A plant cell splits into two new cells by:
a. Binary fission
b. Forming a cell plate
c. Forming a cell furrow
d. Forming a spindle apparatus
e. Nuclear disintegration
44. Cytokinesis is evident in animal cells when:
a. Constriction occurs around the equator
b. Chromosomes are observable
c. Cell plate formation occurs
d. A spindle apparatus forms
e. Prophase begins
45. In plant cells, cytokinesis is accomplished by the formation of
a. a membrane furrow.
b. an equatorial plate.
c. a kinetochore.
d. a cell plate.
e. a spindle.
F/B
46. In general, the division of the cell, called ________________, follows immediately upon mitosis.
Using the following stages of mitosis as answers, indicate which best matches the following items:
a. Metaphase
b. Prophase
c. Telophase
d. Anaphase
e. None of the these
47. Chromosomes line up along the equator of a cell.
48. Centrioles migrate.
49. Nuclear envelope reforms.
50. Spindle apparatus formation occurs.
51. Cytokinesis occurs.
52. Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers.
53. Sister chromatids move to opposite poles.
54. Replicated chromosomes coil and condense.
55. Cell plate appears.
56. Spindle disintegration occurs.
57. Chromosomes duplicate.
M/C
58. Cell plate formation is accomplished by:
a. Endoplasmic reticulum
b. Spindle fibers
c. Cytoskeleton
d. Golgi complex
e. Mitochondria
59. The division of the cytoplasm:
a. Occurs as part of mitosis in all cells
b. Is limited to certain highly specialized cells
c. Involves the formation of a cell plate in plant cells
d. Results in zygote formation
e. Also causes the nucleus to divide
60. Suppose a slide containing 100 cells is made from a random sample of cells growing in a petri plate. The average time for a complete cell cycle to occur in the petri plate is 24 hours. 10 cells on the slide are in prophase, 3 are in metaphase, 6 in anaphase, 8 in telophase, and 73 are in interphase. How many hours, on average, does a cell in the petri plate spend in interphase?
a. 73 hours
b. 24 hours
c. 17.5 hours
d. 6.5 hours
e. One cannot tell from the information given
F/B
Matching Test: Each choice may be used more than once.
Choice:
a. prophase
b. metaphase
c. telophase
d. anaphase
e. interphase
61. Chromosomes move to the equator
62. Chromosomes duplicate
63. Cytokinesis occurs
64. Microtubules organize to form the spindle
65. Duplicate chromatids move to opposite poles
66. Cytoplasmic division
67. Chromosomes shorten and thicken and the nucleolus disappears
68. General cell metabolism occurs
69. Cell furrow appears
70. Nuclear membrane reappears
M/C
71. All of the following are characteristics of telophase of mitosis, EXCEPT
a. cytokinesis begins
b. each chromosome is made of two chromatids
c. the nuclear membrane reappears
d. chromosomes begin to uncoil
e. microtubules disappear
72. If there are 20 centromeres in a cell, how many chromosomes are there?
a. 10
b. 20
c. 30
d. 40
e. 50
F/B
73. The region on the chromosomes where sister chromatids are attached to each other is called the __________.
M/C
74. Which of the following is a haploid?
a. Zygote
b. Gamete (sex cell)
c. Muscle cell
d. Embryo
e. Brain cell
75. Sexual reproduction by necessity involves which two processes?
a. Meiosis and fertilization
b. Mutation and translocation
c. Nondisjunction and pleiotropy
d. Mitosis and fertilization
e. Differentiation and specialization
76. In sexually reproducing organisms, the source of chromosomes in the offspring is:
a. Almost all from one parent, usually the father
b. Almost all from one parent, usually the mother
c. Half from the father and half from the mother
d. The X comes from the mother and the autosomes come from the father
e. A random mixing of chromosomes from both parents
77. Genetically diverse offspring result from
a. mitosis.
b. cloning.
c. sexual reproduction.
d. cytokinesis.
e. anaphase.
78. During asexual reproduction, the genetic material of the parent is passed on to the offspring by
a. homologous pairing.
b. meiosis and fertilization.
c. mitosis and cytokinesis.
d. meiosis and cytokinesis.
e. going to G0 in the cell cycle.
79. Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical individuals because
a. chromosomes do not have to replicate.
b. it involves chromosome replication without cytokinesis.
c. no meiosis or fertilization takes place.
d. the only cell division that occurs is meiosis.
e. cytokinesis occurs prior to mitosis.
80. Meiosis can occur
a. in all organisms.
b. only in diploid organisms.
c. only in multicellular organisms.
d. only in haploid organisms.
e. only in unicellular organisms.
81. Which does not happen during meiosis?
a. Independent assortment
b. Production of diploid cells
c. Synapsis
d. Crossing-over
e. Segregation
82. Gametes differ from body cells in:
a. Having only one member of each pair of homologous chromosomes
b. Being haploid
c. Functioning in sexual reproduction
d. Having half the amount of genetic material
e. All the above choices are correct
83. All of the following take place during meiosis except:
a. Two S phases of interphase
b. Crossing over
c. Reduction of chromosome number from 2n to 1n
d. Segregation of homologous chromosomes
e. Pairing of similar chromosomes during Prophase I
84. Meiosis:
a. Occurs in most somatic cells of animals
b. Produces spores or gametes, depending on the organism
c. Produces diploid cells
d. Occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle
e. Occurs in animals but not in plants
85. Meiosis:
a. Is a purely random division of chromosomes
b. Doubles the number of chromosomes
c. Reduces the number of chromosomes by half
d. Does not change the number of chromosomes
e. Allows chromosomes to split in half
86. Meiosis results in the production of:
a. Diploid cells with unpaired chromosomes
b. Diploid cells with paired chromosomes
c. Haploid cells with unpaired chromosomes
d. Haploid cells with paired chromosomes
e. None of the above choices is correct
87. During anaphase of meiosis I, what segregates?
a. Sister chromatids
b. The spindle
c. Homologous chromosomes
d. Non-allelic genes
e. The nucleolus
88. Reciprocal exchange of genetic material between similar chromosomes is called:
a. Synapsis
b. Segregation
c. Tetrad formation
d. Meiosis
e. Crossing-over
89. The earliest event of meiosis among those listed is:
a. Chromosomes move to the equator of the spindle.
b. Chromatids separate and migrate to opposite poles.
c. Crossing over occurs.
d. Homologous chromosomes pair up along their lengths.
e. Segregation occurs.
90. Chromosomes exchange genetic material by:
a. Segregation
b. Mitosis
c. Synapsis
d. Fertilization
e. Crossing over
91. Between the two divisions of meiosis there is:
a. Crossing-over
b. A pairing of homologous chromosomes
c. Replication of selected genes
d. Segregation and independent assortment of chromosomes
e. No chromosome replication
92. The products of meiosis are:
a. one nucleus containing twice as much DNA as the parent nucleus.
b. two genetically identical cells.
c. four nuclei containing half as much DNA as the parent nucleus.
d. four genetically identical nuclei.
e. two genetically identical nuclei.
93. The four haploid nuclei found at the end of meiosis differ from one another in their exact genetic composition. Some of this difference is the result of
a. cytokinesis.
b. DNA replication.
c. sister chromatid separation.
d. spindle formation.
e. crossing over.
94. Chromosome number is reduced during meiosis because the process consists of
a. two cell divisions without any chromosome replication.
b. a single cell division without any chromosome replication.
c. two cell divisions in which half of the chromosomes are destroyed.
d. two cell divisions and only a single round of chromosome replication.
e. four cell divisions with no chromosome replication.
F/B
95. The process of meiosis produces four _____________ daughter cells.
96. Compare and contrast how prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells undergo cell division.
M/C
97. Just after telophase I, each cell contains:
a. One full set of chromosomes, each with 2 chromatids
b. Two full sets of chromosomes, each with 2 chromatids
c. One full set of chromosomes, each with a single chromatid
d. Two full sets of chromosomes, each with a single chromatid
e. None of the above choices is correct
98. A diploid cell contains 6 chromosomes. After meiosis I, each of the cells contains:
a. 3 maternal and 3 paternal chromosomes each time
b. A mixture of maternal and paternal chromosomes totaling 3
c. 6 maternal or 6 paternal chromosomes each time
d. A mixture of maternal and paternal chromosomes totaling 6
e. 3 pairs of chromosomes
T/F
99. Crossing-over occurs during meiosis II.
M/C
100. An organism has a diploid chromosome number of 10. A cell, from this organism, in metaphase I of meiosis has:
a. 10 pairs of chromosomes
b. 20 chromosomes
c. 10 chromatids
d. 5 chromosomes
e. 10 chromosomes
T/F
101. The members of a gene pair assort independently during meiosis.
102. DNA replicates between meiosis I and II.
M/C
103. Homologous chromosomes pair up (synapsis) during:
a. Mitosis
b. Meiosis I
c. Meiosis II
d. Mitosis and Meiosis II
e. Protein synthesis
104. The chromosome number is reduced from diploid to haploid during:
a. Mitosis
b. Meiosis I
c. Meiosis II
d. Interphase
e. S phase of mitosis
T/F
105. Reduction in chromosome number occurs during meiosis I.
106. Crossing-over occurs during the first anaphase of meiosis.
M/C
107. Which occurs in meiosis I but not in meiosis II?
a. Diploid daughter cells are produced
b. Chromosomes without chromatids line up at the equator
c. Centromeres divide
d. Synapsis of homologous chromosomes occurs
e. The spindle apparatus forms
108. The actual reduction of the chromosome number in meiosis occurs during:
a. Interphase
b. Mitosis
c. Telophase
d. Meiosis II
e. Meiosis I
109. An exchange of corresponding DNA segments occurs during:
a. Prophase
b. Anaphase II
c. Prophase II
d. Anaphase I
e. Prophase I
110. Chromosomes of a homologous pair separate from each other during:
a. Anaphase I
b. Anaphase II
c. Metaphase I
d. Prophase II
e. Metaphase II
111. The two cells at the end of meiosis I:
a. Rarely continue into meiosis II
b. Function as gametes
c. Are diploid
d. Are haploid
e. Can continue as body cells
112. At the end of telophase II, each of the 4 resulting cells has:
a. One full set of chromosomes, each with 2 chromatids
b. Two full sets of chromosomes, each with 2 chromatids
c. One full set of chromosomes, each with a single chromatid
d. Two full sets of chromosomes, each with a single chromatid
e. The same genetic constitution as the body cells that produced it
113. The second meiotic division causes which of the following?
a. 2n
b. 1n
¾ ® 1nc. 2n
¾ ® 2nd. 1n
¾ ® 2ne. None of the above choices is correct
114. Centromeres split during:
a. Anaphase I and anaphase II of meiosis
b. Anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I of meiosis
c. Anaphase of mitosis and anaphase II of meiosis
d. The S portion of interphase
e. Cytokinesis of mitosis and meiosis II
115. Which occurs during meiosis II but not meiosis I?
a. Independent assortment of chromosomes
b. Centromeres divide
c. Diploid number reduced to haploid number
d. Crossing-over
e. All of the above choices are correct
116. The main function of meiosis II is:
a. Separate sister chromatids during anaphase
b. Reduce the number of gametes by half
c. Reduce the number of chromosomes by half
d. Increase genetic variability by crossing over
e. To allow homologous chromosomes to pair up
117. Sister chromatids move away from each other during:
a. Anaphase I
b. Cytokinesis
c. Metaphase II
d. Telophase II
e. Anaphase II
118. Each sperm cell of a horse contains 32 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are there in each of the horse's body cells?
a. 16
b. 32
c. 16 pairs
d. Either 16 or 64, depending on the cell type
e. 64
119. If there are 12 chromosomes in a cell that has just completed meiosis II, what is the diploid number of chromosomes for that organism?
a. 6
b. 12
c. 24
d. Either 6 or 24, depending on the cell type
e. 24 pairs
120. Haploid cells:
a. Can result from meiosis
b. Have one member of each pair of homologous chromosomes
c. Function as gametes or spores in sexually reproducing organisms
d. Cannot be produced by mitosis
e. Both choices a and c are correct
121. Which of the following statements is false?
a. Meiosis separates homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell to produce haploid daughter cells containing one copy of each type of chromosome.
b. During prophase I, homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange DNA.
c. During meiosis II, paired homologous chromosomes move up to the equator of the cell.
d. During anaphase I, homologous chromosomes separate.
e. In meiosis II, the sister chromatids of each chromosome separate.
F/B
Matching
¾ Select the appropriate type of cellular division with the numbered selection. Letters may be used once, more than once or not at all.a. True for mitosis only.
b. True for meiosis I only.
c. True for meiosis II only.
d. True for mitosis and meiosis I.
e. True for mitosis and meiosis II.
122. Homologous chromosomes synapse and crossing over occurs.
123. This occurs when a cell divides to form two cells that are genetically identical.
124. Centromeres uncouple and chromatids are separated from each other.
125. The events during this process cause the majority of genetic recombination.
126. The process(es) is(are) proceeded by a copying (replication) of the DNA.
127. During which stages of cell cycle will chromosomes be composed of two attached chromatids?
M/C
128. Segregation of homologous chromosomes occurs during:
a. Metaphase of meiosis I
b. Metaphase of meiosis II
c. Anaphase of meiosis I
d. Anaphase of meiosis II
e. Telophase of meiosis I
129. Which of the following occurs in mitosis but not in meiosis?
a. Cells genetically identical to parents are made
b. Centrioles divide
c. Crossing over
d. Independent assortment of chromosomes
e. Pairing up of similar chromosomes during prophase
F/B
130. If cells in the process of dividing are subjected to colchicine, a drug that interferes with the functioning of the spindle apparatus (such that the spindle is unable to attach to the sister chromatids), at which stage will mitosis be arrested?
131. A cell containing 92 chromatids at the start of mitosis would, at its completion, produce cells with __________ chromosomes.
Essay
132. Vinblastine is a drug that interferes with the assembly of microtubules. It is widely used for chemotherapy in treating cancer patients whose cancer cells are actively dividing to form tumors. Suggest a hypothesis to explain how vinblastine slows tumor growth.
M/C
133. Chromosomes are present in pairs in the body cells of animals. What is their origin?
a. One pair from each parent
b. All may have come from one parent
c. One member of each pair from each parent
d. Varying numbers from each parent
e. X chromosomes from the mother and autosomes from the father
Essay
134. Briefly describe where genetic variability arises in sexually reproducing organisms.
M/C
135. Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by:
a. Discarding some of the chromosomes
b. Reducing the length of each chromosome by half
c. Duplicating DNA once, followed by 2 cell divisions
d. Independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis I
e. The formation of polar bodies
136. Which is not a source of variety in sexually reproducing species?
a. Crossing over
b. DNA replication
c. Distribution of chromosomes in gametes
d. Fertilization
e. Independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis I
T/F
137. Unlike mitosis, sexual reproduction increases variation in a population by recombining chromosomes and the genes they contain.
F/B
138. How do meiosis and sexual reproduction produce genetic variability?
(c) 2002 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
M/C
1. d
2. e
3. c
4. b
F/B
5. Offspring cells are formed from a single parent with the uniting of male and female gametes.
6. asexual reproduction
7. clones
8. gametes or haploid cells
9. 14
10. Cells contain two types of each chromosome (homologues) one from each gamete
M/C
11. b
12. c
13. e
14. b
15. c
16. d
17. c
18. e
F/B
19. G1
¾ growth, decision to divide, S¾ DNA replication, G2¾ growth, mitosis¾ nuclear division, and cytokinesis¾ division of the cell20. sister chromatids
M/C
21. c
22. b
23. b
24. c
F/B
25. c
26. a
27. e
M/C
28. b
29. b
30. a
31. d
32. e
T/F
33. False
M/C
34. b
35. a
36. c
37. a
38. a
39. b
40. e
41. d
42. c
43. b
44. a
45. d
F/B
46. cytokinesis
47. a
48. b
49. c
50. b
51. c
52. b
53. d
54. b
55. c
56. c
57. e
M/C
58. d
59. c
60. c
F/B
61. b
62. e
63. c
64. a
65. d
66. c
67. a
68. e
69. c
70. c
M/C
71. b
72. b
F/B
73. centromere
M/C
74. b
75. a
76. c
77. c
78. c
79. c
80. b
81. b
82. e
83. a
84. b
85. c
86. c
87. c
88. e
89. d
90. e
91. e
92. e
93. e
94. d
F/B
95. haploid
96. Students should include the fact that prokaryotes have single circular chromosome and divide by copying the chromosome and then the cell physically separating in the process of binary fission. Eukaryotic cells have linear chromosomes and cells either undergo mitosis (which is most closely similar to the outcome of binary fission) or meiosis.
M/C
97. a
98. b
T/F
99. False
M/C
100. e
T/F
101. False
102. False
M/C
103. b
104. b
T/F
105. True
106. False
M/C
107. d
108. c
109. e
110. a
111. d
112. c
113. b
114. c
115. b
116. a
117. e
118. e
119. c
120. e
121. c
F/B
122. b
123. a
124. e
125. d
126. d
127. From the G2 of interphase through metaphase
¾ separation occurs at the start of anaphase.M/C
128. c
129. a
F/B
130. The cells will be arrested in prophase.
131. 46
Essay
132. Blocks mitosis and the cells cannot divide slowing the growth of the tumor.
M/C
133. c
Essay
134. Students should discuss independent assortment of chromosomes, crossing over during meiosis, and random gamete fertilization. Mutations during replication may also be discussed.
M/C
135. c
136. b
T/F
137. True
F/B
138. Students should include shuffling of homologues during meiosis, crossing over during prophase I and random gamete fusion in their answer.